Submerged arc welding<\/a> is an arc welding process whereby the arc is “submerged” in a layer of granular flux, while the bare welding electrode performs the weld. Sub-arc welding is normally a mechanised or automatic process, however it can be done semi-automatically by hand also, by means of a pressurised or gravity flux-fed delivery system. Due to the fluid nature of the weld pool produced, molten slag and loose flux, welding is usually carried out in the flat or horizontal position. The below video from Miller<\/a> highlights a great case study from moving onto automated submerged arc welding from manual arc welding.<\/p>\n
The layer of flux creates a protective environment from atmospheric contamination, while the weld takes place.
As well as preventing sparks, spatter and supressing the UV radiation and fumes associated with the arc welding process.
The flux becomes conductive when molten, allowing the current from the arc of the electrode through.<\/p>\nProcess information.<\/h3>\n
Correct input of parameters is vital to achieve desired results, as the weld pool is not visible.
Current, arc voltage and travel speed all affect quality of the bead, chemical composition and penetration depth so great care is needed to get the parameters right to avoid costly mistakes.
Completed with either an AC or DC current, the submerged arc welding process is often a single wire application.
However there are ways to increase productivity by means of increased deposition rate and travel speed, improved bead quality.
These include the use of multiple wire operation (twin wire feed, tandem systems), addition of metal powder and use of tubular wire.<\/p>\n
Therefore, it is an ideal process for longitudinal butt and fillet welds, as well as circumferential welds when the weld head is fixed with something like a column and boom.<\/a>\u00a0
The workpiece is then rotated slowly by use of a welding manipulator, like a positioner<\/a> or pipe rotators<\/a>. Multiple passes can be carried out using this method, meaning there is virtually no restriction on material thickness if the correct weld preparation techniques have been used.<\/p>\n